Overview
Criminal proceedings in Uganda may be initiated by a complaint to the police, a charge by the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP), or a private prosecution (with DPP consent).
Step 1: Report to Police
Visit the nearest police station and report the offence. You will need:
- Your identification (National ID or passport)
- Details of the offence (what happened, when, where)
- Names and details of witnesses
- Any physical evidence
Step 2: Police Investigation
The police will:
- Record your statement (in the police statement book)
- Issue a case reference number
- Investigate the complaint
- Collect evidence and interview witnesses
- Arrest the suspect if there are reasonable grounds
Step 3: Police File Sent to DPP
After investigation, the police file is sent to the DPP's office for legal opinion on whether to:
- Charge the suspect
- Request further investigation
- Close the file (if evidence is insufficient)
Step 4: Charging the Suspect
If the DPP decides to prosecute:
- A charge sheet is prepared
- The suspect is brought before a Magistrate within 48 hours of arrest
- The charge is read to the accused
Step 5: Trial
- Prosecution presents its case
- Defence presents its case
- Judgment is delivered
Important Notes
- The accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt
- The accused has the right to legal representation
- Bail is a constitutional right (subject to conditions)
